Karl Landsteiner – discovered poliovirus, the rhesus factor, described as the father of transfusion medicine

Karl Landsteiner ForMemRS (14 June 1868 – 26 June 1943) was an Austrian-born American biologist, physician, and immunologist. He distinguished the main blood groups in 1900, having developed the modern system of classification of blood groups from…

Hapten

In immunology, haptens are small molecules that elicit an immune response only when attached to a large carrier such as a protein; the carrier may be one that also does not elicit an immune response by itself (in general, only…

Allergolical (or allergological) syndrome that can show itself clinically with expressions of both respiratory allergy and alimentary allergy

Tabar AI, Acero S, Arregui C, UrdĂĄnoz M, Quirce S. Asma y alergia por el colorante carmĂ­n [Asthma and allergy due to carmine dye]. An Sist Sanit Navar. 2003;26 Suppl…

The chemical nature of flavokermesic acid

JanWouters∗AndrĂ©Verhecken The chemical nature of flavokermesic acid. Tetrahedron Letters Volume 28, Issue 11, 1987, Pages 1199-1202 Received 24 November 1986, Available online 9 March 2001 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4039(00)95325-5 Abstract: Flavokermesic acid, a minor…

Production of Carminic Acid by Metabolically Engineered Escherichia coli

Production of Carminic Acid by Metabolically Engineered Escherichia coliDongsoo Yang, Woo Dae Jang, and Sang Yup Lee Journal of the American Chemical Society 2021 143 (14), 5364-5377 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c12406 Abstract:…

Pharmacy (etymology)

pharmacy (n.) late 14c., farmacie, “a medicine that rids the body of an excess of humors (except blood);” also “treatment with medicine; theory of treatment with medicine,” from Old French farmacie “a purgative” (13c.)…

Toxin (etymology)

toxin (n.) “organic poison,” especially one produced by bacteria in an animal body, 1886, from toxic + -in (2). toxic (adj.) 1660s, from French toxique and directly from Late Latin toxicus “poisoned,” from Latin toxicum “poison,” from Greek toxikon (pharmakon) “(poison) for use on…

Sugar-coat (etymology)

also sugarcoat, 1870, originally of medicine; figuratively, “make more palatable,” from 1910; from sugar (n.) + coat (v.). Related: Sugarcoated; sugarcoating. sugar (n.) late 13c., sugre, from Old French sucre “sugar” (12c.), from Medieval Latin succarum, from Arabic sukkar, from Persian shakar, from Sanskrit sharkara “ground…

Poison (etymology)

poison (n.) c. 1200, poisoun, “a deadly potion or substance,” also figuratively, “spiritually corrupting ideas; evil intentions,” from Old French poison, puison (12c., Modern French poison) “a drink,” especially a medical drink, later “a (magic) potion,…

Virus (etymology)

virus (n.) late 14c., “poisonous substance” (a sense now archaic), from Latin virus “poison, sap of plants, slimy liquid, a potent juice,” from Proto-Italic *weis-o-(s-) “poison,” which is probably from a PIE root *ueis-, perhaps originally meaning…