Homovanillic acid (HVC) and Vanillylmandelic acidĀ (VMA)
Homovanillic acidĀ (HVA) is a majorĀ catecholamineĀ metaboliteĀ that is produced by a consecutive action ofĀ monoamine oxidaseĀ andĀ catechol-O-methyltransferaseĀ onĀ dopamine. Homovanillic acid is used as aĀ reagentĀ to detect oxidativeĀ enzymes, and is associated withĀ dopamineĀ levels in theĀ bra
Catecholamine (CA)
A catecholamine (abbreviated CA) is a monoamine neurotransmitter, an organic compound that has a catechol (benzene with two hydroxyl side groups next to each other) and a side-chain amine. Fitzgerald, P. A. (2011). “Chapter

