Category: ALL THEM BONES
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The molecular mayhem of immunogens, haptens, carriers and adjuvants
First up, the immunogen: the molecular maestro of the immune system, orchestrating a symphony of B-cells and T-cells like a conductor with a grudge. These substances don’t just knock politely on the immune system’s door—they kick it down with the force of a battering ram. Immunogens are a subset of antigens (because “antibody-generating” wasn’t obvious enough)…
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Human Branding
As with livestock, a mark burned into the skin for identification purposes. Human branding comes up routinely in slavery and crime and punishment so we will make some notes.
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Dr. Leo Stanley
Let it be known throughout the land that Dr. Leo Leonidas Stanley, a man of most peculiar proclivities, did preside over San Quentin’s medical realm from the year of our Lord 1913 to 1951. This self-proclaimed surgeon, bereft of true surgical experience, did embark upon a crusade most bizarre. With a scalpel in his hand…
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Gaspare Tagliacozzi – the man who gave “drop-dead gorgeous” a whole new meaning
Meet Gaspare Tagliacozzi, the 16th-century Italian surgeon who decided that noses were overrated as mere breathing apparatus and should double as art projects. This Renaissance Picasso of the scalpel made a name for himself by turning the faces of Bologna’s elite into his personal canvas. Tagliacozzi’s magnum opus, “On the Surgery of Mutilation by Grafting,”…
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Tree Huggers: When Nature Takes It Literally
In the quiet corners of forests worldwide, trees are engaging in their own version of romance. It’s called inosculation, and it is nature’s answer to the artificial process of grafting. Inosculation and grafting are like botanical cousins. Both involve the fusion of plant tissues, creating a single, stronger organism. While grafting is a human-engineered process,…
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Omenn Syndrome: When Your Body Throws Its Own Surprise Party
Imagine your immune system as an overzealous party planner, but instead of organizing a fun bash, it’s staging a revolt against your own body. Welcome to the world of Omenn syndrome, where your T cells decide to go rogue and treat your organs like they’re uninvited guests. These rebellious T cells, armed with mutant RAG…
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The Lady Who Brought Pox to the Party
Picture this: It’s 1717, and Lady Mary Wortley Montagu is living her best life in Constantinople, sipping Turkish coffee and learning about the latest beauty trends when she stumbles upon a local practice that would change medical history forever. Instead of bringing back exotic spices or fancy rugs, she decides to import something truly wild…
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Graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) is divided into acute and chronic forms
Graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) is a syndrome, characterized by inflammation in different organs. GvHD is commonly associated with bone marrow transplants and stem cell transplants. Not to be confused with Host-versus-graft disease. White blood cells of the donor’s immune system which remain within the donated tissue (the graft) recognize the recipient (the host) as foreign (non-self). The white blood cells present within the…
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In the case of GVHD, maculopapular rash may progress to a condition similar to toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN)
Together with Stevens–Johnson syndrome (SJS) it forms a spectrum of disease, with TEN being more severe. Early symptoms include fever and flu-like symptoms. A few days later the skin begins to blister and peel forming painful raw areas. Mucous membranes, such as the mouth, are also typically involved. Complications include dehydration, sepsis, pneumonia, and multiple organ failure. The most common cause is certain medications such as lamotrigine, carbamazepine, allopurinol, sulfonamide…
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Maculopapular rash is seen in graft-versus-host disease (GVHD)
A maculopapular rash is a type of rash characterized by a flat, red area on the skin that is covered with small confluent bumps. It may only appear red in lighter-skinned people. The term “maculopapular” is a compound: macules are small, flat discolored spots on the surface of the skin; and papules are small, raised bumps. It is also described as erythematous, or red.…
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Average body temperature dropped every decade since the 1800s and even more every decade since 1960
Attention, fellow humans! It’s time to chill out… literally! 🧊 Our bodies are on a cosmic cooldown, and it’s not just because we’ve all become walking popsicles addicted to air conditioning. Oh no, this is far more sinister and hilarious than that! The Great American Refrigeration❄️ Since the 1800s, our core temperatures have been dropping…
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Royal Jelly & Silkworm Droppings: The Buzz and the Poop of Traditional Chinese Medicine
Get ready, because we’re about to dive into the most unhinged yet scientifically fascinating duo in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM): Royal Jelly (the queen bee’s secret sauce) and Silkworm Droppings (yes, bug poop, but make it medicinal). These two are the Beyoncé and Jay-Z of the insect-derived health world—unexpected, iconic, and absolutely legendary in their own right. 🐝💩✨ Royal…
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the ULTIMATE BUGGY BASS DROP
Oh snap, buckle up buttercup, ’cause we’re about to dive deep into the wildest rave this side of the exoskeleton! 🐛🎉 Imagine, if you will, a microscopic mosh pit where insects are gettin’ jiggy with it on a molecular level. It’s not your average hormone hoedown, oh no – this is the ULTIMATE BUGGY BASS…
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Evans blue
T-1824 or Evans blue, often incorrectly rendered as Evan’s blue, is an azo dye that has a very high affinity for serum albumin. Because of this, it can be useful in physiology in estimating the proportion of body water contained in blood plasma. It fluoresces with excitation peaks at 470 and 540 nm and an emission peak at 680 nm. Evans blue dye has been used as a viability assay on…
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Chondrin
Chondrin is a bluish-white gelatin-like substance, being a protein–carbohydrate complex and can be obtained by boiling cartilage in water. The cartilage is a connective tissue that contains cells embedded in a matrix of chondrin. Chondrin is made up of two proteins See also External links Charles Darwin – Insectivorous Plants Page 56 (added below minus the milk section) Categories: I therefore wished to…
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Dermatan sulfate (and a few other things)
Dermatan sulfate is a glycosaminoglycan (formerly called a mucopolysaccharide) found mostly in skin, but also in blood vessels, heart valves, tendons, and lungs. It is also referred to as chondroitin sulfate B, although it is no longer classified as a form of chondroitin sulfate by most sources. The formula is C14H21NO15S. This carbohydrate is composed of linear polymers of disaccharide units that contain, N-acetyl galactosamine (GalNAc) and iduronic…
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