Category: Immunology

  • Adrenaline has been isolated from the plant Scoparia dulcis found in Northern Vietnam

    Adrenaline has been isolated from the plant Scoparia dulcis found in Northern Vietnam

    Scoparia dulcis is a species of flowering plant in the plantain family. Plantaginaceae, the plantain family, is a large, diverse family of flowering plants in the order Lamiales that includes common flowers such as snapdragon and foxglove. It is unrelated to the banana-like fruit also called “plantain.” Common names for Scoparia dulcis include licorice weed, goatweed, scoparia-weed and sweet-broom in English, tapeiçava, tapixaba, and vassourinha in Portuguese, escobillo in Spanish, and tipychä kuratu in Guarani. It is native to the Neotropics but it can be found throughout the…

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  • Proteins shown to interact specifically with CBP (list)

    ActrNuclear receptor coactivator ACTR is a novel histone acetyltransferase and forms a multimeric activation complex with P/CAF and CBP/p300.Karamouzis MV, Konstantinopoulos PA, Papavassiliou AG (April 2007). “Roles of CREB-binding protein (CBP)/p300 in respiratory epithelium tumorigenesis”. Cell Research. 17 (4): 324–332. doi:10.1038/cr.2007.10. PMID 17372613. S2CID 36084602.Dyson HJ, Wright PE (March 2016). “Role of Intrinsic Protein Disorder in the Function and Interactions of the Transcriptional Coactivators CREB-binding Protein (CBP)…

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  • Hydrangea macrophylla 

    Hydrangea macrophylla 

    Hydrangea macrophylla is a species of flowering plant in the family Hydrangeaceae, native to Japan. It is a deciduous shrub growing to 2 m (7 ft) tall by 2.5 m (8 ft) broad with large heads of pink or blue flowers in summer and autumn. Common names include bigleaf hydrangea, French hydrangea, lacecap hydrangea, mophead hydrangea, penny mac and hortensia. It is widely cultivated in many parts of the world in many climates. It is not to…

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  • Carboxypeptidases function in blood clotting, growth factor production, wound healing, reproduction, and many other processes

    A carboxypeptidase (EC number 3.4.16 – 3.4.18) is a protease enzyme that hydrolyzes (cleaves) a peptide bond at the carboxy-terminal (C-terminal) end of a protein or peptide. This is in contrast to an aminopeptidases, which cleave peptide bonds at the N-terminus of proteins. Humans, animals, bacteria and plants contain several types of carboxypeptidases that have diverse functions ranging from catabolism to protein maturation. At least two mechanisms have been discussed. Functions Initial studies…

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  • T helper cells (Th cells), also known as CD4+ cells or CD4-positive cells

    T helper cells (Th cells), also known as CD4+ cells or CD4-positive cells

    The T helper cells (Th cells), also known as CD4+ cells or CD4-positive cells, are a type of T cell that play an important role in the adaptive immune system. They aid the activity of other immune cells by releasing cytokines. They are considered essential in B cellantibody class switching, breaking cross-tolerance in dendritic cells, in the activation and growth of cytotoxic T cells, and in maximizing bactericidal activity of phagocytes such as macrophages and neutrophils. CD4+ cells…

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  • Surfeit human gene cluster

    Surfeit human gene cluster

    Surfeit is a human gene cluster that consists of a group of very tightly linked genes on chromosome 9 that do not share sequence similarity. Genes in this cluster are numbered 1 through 6: SURF1, SURF2, SURF3, SURF4, SURF5, and SURF6. Surfeit locus protein 1 (SURF1) Surfeit locus protein 1 (SURF1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SURF1gene. The protein encoded by SURF1 is a component of the mitochondrial…

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  • List of human clusters of differentiation (OR CD) MOLECULES

    List of human clusters of differentiation (OR CD) MOLECULES

    * = group; ** = not listed on hcdm CD1* MHC-like molecule that presents lipid molecules CD1a CD1a (Cluster of Differentiation 1a), or T-cell surface glycoprotein CD1a, is a human protein encoded by the CD1A gene. An antigen-presenting protein that binds self and non-self lipid and glycolipid antigens and presents them to T-cell receptors on natural killer T-cells. CD1b T-cell surface glycoprotein CD1b. Expressed on cortical thymocytes, certain T-cell leukemias…

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  • Calmodulin

    Calmodulin (CaM) (an abbreviation for calcium-modulated protein) is a multifunctional intermediate calcium-binding messenger protein expressed in all eukaryotic cells.[1] It is an intracellular target of the secondary messengerCa2+, and the binding of Ca2+ is required for the activation of calmodulin. Once bound to Ca2+, calmodulin acts as part of a calcium signal transduction pathway by modifying its interactions with various target proteins such…

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  • Green fluorescent protein (GFP)

    Green fluorescent protein (GFP)

    The green fluorescent protein (GFP) is a protein that exhibits bright green fluorescence when exposed to light in the blue to ultraviolet range. Prendergast FG, Mann KG (Aug 1978). “Chemical and physical properties of aequorin and the green fluorescent protein isolated from Aequorea forskålea”. Biochemistry. 17 (17): 3448–53. doi:10.1021/bi00610a004. PMID 28749. Tsien RY (1998). “The green fluorescent protein” (PDF). Annual Review of Biochemistry. 67: 509–44. doi:10.1146/annurev.biochem.67.1.509. PMID 9759496 The label GFP traditionally refers to the protein first isolated…

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  • Melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) aka PMCH

    Melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH), also known as pro-melanin stimulating hormone (PMCH), is a cyclic 19-amino acid orexigenic hypothalamicpeptide originally isolated from the pituitary gland of teleost fish, where it controls skin pigmentation. Barson JR, Morganstern I, Leibowitz SF (2013). “Complementary roles of orexin and melanin-concentrating hormone in feeding behavior”. International Journal of Endocrinology. 2013: 983964. doi:10.1155/2013/983964. PMC 3727095. PMID 23935621. In mammals it is involved in the regulation of feeding behavior, mood,…

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  • What Is A Siderophore?

    Siderophores (Greek: "iron carrier") are small, high-affinity iron-chelating compounds that are secreted by microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi. They help the organism accumulate iron. Although a widening range of siderophore functions is now being appreciated. Siderophores are among the strongest (highest affinity) Fe3+ binding agents known. Phytosiderophores are siderophores produced by plants.

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  • The sweet pea is a flowering plant in the genus Lathyrus in the family Fabaceae (legumes)  🧪☣️☠️⚗️🤢

    The sweet pea is a flowering plant in the genus Lathyrus in the family Fabaceae (legumes)  🧪☣️☠️⚗️🤢

    The sweet pea, Lathyrus odoratus, is a flowering plant in the genus Lathyrus in the family Fabaceae (legumes), native to Sicily, southern Italy and the Aegean Islands. It is an annual climbing plant, growing to a height of 1–2 metres (3 ft 3 in – 6 ft 7 in), where suitable support is available. The leaves are pinnate with two leaflets and a terminal tendril, which twines around supporting plants and structures, helping the sweet pea to climb. In…

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  • Nucleic acid secondary structure

    Nucleic acid secondary structure is the basepairing interactions within a single nucleic acid polymer or between two polymers. It can be represented as a list of bases which are paired in a nucleic acid molecule. Dirks, Robert M.; Lin, Milo; Winfree, Erik & Pierce, Niles A. (2004). “Paradigms for computational nucleic acid design”. Nucleic Acids Research. 32 (4): 1392–1403. doi:10.1093/nar/gkh291. PMC 390280. PMID 14990744.  The secondary structures of biological DNAs and RNAs tend to be…

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  • Structural motif

    In a chain-like biological molecule, such as a protein or nucleic acid, a structural motif is a common three-dimensional structure that appears in a variety of different, evolutionarily unrelated molecules. Johansson, M.U. (23 July 2012). “Defining and searching for structural motifs using DeepView/Swiss-PdbViewer”. BMC Bioinformatics. 13 (173): 173. doi:10.1186/1471-2105-13-173. PMC 3436773. PMID 22823337.  A structural motif does not have to be associated with a sequence motif; it can be represented by different and completely unrelated…

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