Jeannette Pickering RankinĀ (June 11, 1880 – May 18, 1973) was an American politician andĀ women’s rightsĀ advocate who became the first woman to hold federal office in the United States in 1917. She was elected to theĀ U.S. House of RepresentativesĀ as aĀ RepublicanĀ fromĀ MontanaĀ inĀ 1916