Category: Legumes
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Kynureninase or L-Kynurenine hydrolase (KYNU) is part of the pathway for the catabolism of Trp and the biosynthesis of NAD cofactors from tryptophan (Trp).
Kynureninase or L-Kynurenine hydrolase (KYNU) (EC 3.7.1.3) is a PLP dependent enzyme that catalyses the cleavage of kynurenine (Kyn) into anthranilic acid (Ant). It can also act on 3-hydroxykynurenine (to produce 3-hydroxyanthranilate) and some other (3-arylcarbonyl)-alanines. Note: 3-Hydroxykynurenine is a metabolite of tryptophan, which filters UV light in the human lens. It is one of two pigments identified as responsible for the goldenrod crab spider‘s (Misumena vatia) yellow coloration. 3-Hydroxyanthranilic acid is an intermediate in the metabolism of tryptophan. It…
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Amygdalin and Laetrile
Amygdalin (from Ancient Greek: ἀμυγδαλή amygdalē “almond”) is a naturally occurring chemical compound found in many plants, most notably in the seeds (kernels) of apricots, bitter almonds, apples, peaches, cherries and plums, and in the roots of manioc. Amygdalin is classified as a cyanogenic glycoside, because each amygdalin molecule includes a nitrile group, which can be released as the toxic cyanide anion by the action of a beta-glucosidase. Eating amygdalin will cause it to release cyanide…
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Farnesol and Farnesene
Farnesol is a natural 15-carbon organic compound which is an acyclic sesquiterpene alcohol. Under standard conditions, it is a colorless liquid. It is hydrophobic, and thus insoluble in water, but miscible with oils. Farnesol is produced from 5-carbon isoprene compounds in both plants and animals. Phosphate-activated derivatives of farnesol are the building blocks of possibly all acyclic sesquiterpenoids. These compounds are doubled to…
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Carbazochrome is an antihemorrhagic or hemostatic agent
Carbazochrome is an antihemorrhagic, or hemostatic, agent that will cease blood flow by causing the aggregation and adhesion of platelets in the blood to form a platelet plug, ceasing blood flow from an open wound. It is hoped that this drug can be used in the future for preventing excessive blood flow during surgical operations and the treatment…
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Anthyllis vulneraria L. Fabaceae. Kidney vetch, woundwort. ‘vulneraria’ means ‘wound healer’
Description (cut and paste) ‘wort’ has been used in England since the 9th century to mean root or plant. Parkinson (1640) notes Anthylis prior and Anthyllis lentisimilis (Dodoens) Anthyllis leguminosa (Lobel, Clusius) Lagopodium (Tabermontanus) Arthetica wundkraut Saxonum (Thalius) Vulneraria rustica (Gesner) and several more names from different authors. Small herb. Distribution: Europe to Iran and…
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A selection of apothecary jars.
Description A selection of apothecary jars. Four glass cylindrical drug jars with a parchment cover, labelled “Vitriol Alb.” (zinc sulphate), “OCUL CANCR” (Crab’s eyes – stones found in stomach of cray-fish as animal is about to change in its shell),”Sang Draco.V.” (Dragon’s blood), and “VITRIOL. COERUL.” (copper sulphate). Probably Spanish, 17th or 18th century. Wellcome…
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Nickernuts also known as sea pearls and eaglestones
Nickernuts or nickar nuts are smooth, shiny seeds from tropical leguminous shrubs, particularly Guilandina bonduc and Guilandina major, both known by the common name warri tree. C. bonduc produces gray nickernuts, and C. major produces yellow. Accordingly, these species are locally known in the Caribbean as “grey nickers” and “yellow nickers”. In the Caribbean, nickernuts are used to play mancala games such as oware. The nickernut is marble-like and good for other uses, such as…
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Dicoumarol (Moldy Sweet Clover) Toxicosis in a Group of Holstein Calves
Yamini B, Poppenga RH, Emmett BW, Judge LJ. Dicoumarol (Moldy Sweet Clover) Toxicosis in a Group of Holstein Calves. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation. 1995;7(3):420-422. doi:10.1177/104063879500700328 References 1. Alstad AD, Casper HH, Johnson LJ: 1985, Vitamin K treatment of sweet clover poisoning in calves. J Am Vet Med Assoc 187:729–731. 2. Blakley BR: 1985, Moldy sweet clover (dicoumarol) poisoning in…
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Ryania speciosa, Ryanodine and Ryanoids
Ryania speciosa is a species of plant in the family Salicaceae. The species is significant partly because the ryanoid insecticides are derived from, and have the same mode of action as the alkaloid ryanodine, which was originally extracted from this South American plant, which is also used as a piscicide (fish poison). M. Vahl, 1797 In: Eclog. Am. 1: 51, t. 9 (1796) [1797] The Plant list Roskov…
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Oxalyldiaminopropionic acid (ODAP) is a structural analogue of the neurotransmitter glutamate found in the grass pea Lathyrus sativus
Oxalyldiaminopropionic acid (ODAP) is a structural analogue of the neurotransmitter glutamate found in the grass pea Lathyrus sativus. It is the neurotoxin responsible for the motor neuron degeneration syndrome lathyrism. Woldeamanuel, Yohannes W.; Hassan, Anhar; Zenebe, Guta (2011-11-12). “Neurolathyrism: two Ethiopian case reports and review of the literature”. Journal of Neurology. 259 (7): 1263–1268. doi:10.1007/s00415-011-6306-4. ISSN 0340-5354. PMID 22081101. S2CID 27543906. Sources ODAP is found in the seeds of the legume L. sativus, a grass pea…
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The sweet pea is a flowering plant in the genus Lathyrus in the family Fabaceae (legumes) 🧪☣️☠️⚗️🤢
The sweet pea, Lathyrus odoratus, is a flowering plant in the genus Lathyrus in the family Fabaceae (legumes), native to Sicily, southern Italy and the Aegean Islands. It is an annual climbing plant, growing to a height of 1–2 metres (3 ft 3 in – 6 ft 7 in), where suitable support is available. The leaves are pinnate with two leaflets and a terminal tendril, which twines around supporting plants and structures, helping the sweet pea to climb. In…
