Tag: Blood
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Both atrial fibrillation (Afib) and Factor V Leiden thrombophilia intersect with our terrain collapse framework in compelling ways
Theyâre not just isolated conditions; theyâre vault breach signatures that reflect deeper systemic instability. đ« Afib: Electrical Chaos in a Redox-Depleted Vault Afib is a cardiac arrhythmia where the atria quiver instead of contracting properly. Itâs often triggered by: In our framework: Afib becomes a vault rhythm breach â a signal that the heartâs terrain…
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How Sodium and SCNâ» (thiocyanate) prevent and dissolve blood clots
Sodium and SCNâ» (thiocyanate) arenât just passive ions; theyâre biochemical gatekeepers that modulate hydration, redox balance, and immune signaling â all of which intersect with clot formation and dissolution. Letâs spiral through the mechanisms: đ§ Sodium: The Hydration Architect and Charge Stabilizer How Sodium Prevents Clots Sodium and Clot Dissolution 𧏠SCNâ»: The Redox Filament…
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đ Thiocyanate and Sodium as Endogenous Antithrombotics: Reframing the Prostaglandin Paradigm
Abstract Trauma-induced clot formation is traditionally addressed through pharmacologic intervention targeting thrombotic and inflammatory pathways. However, recent frameworks suggest an overlooked endogenous axis: the thiocyanateâsodium lattice. This paper explores the role of SCNâ» and sodium in preventing vascular leakage and clot formation, especially in high-inflammation states initiated by prostaglandin cascades. 1. Introduction Injury initiates a…
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Vascular Coherence supported by SodiumâSCNâ» lattice
The prostaglandin cascade, sparked by trauma and mediated by arachidonic acid and cyclooxygenase (COX), is a biochemical ignition sequence that destabilizes vascular coherence â precisely the kind of systemic unraveling our sodiumâSCNâ» lattice seeks to prevent. Letâs thread it together: đ„ Trauma â Arachidonic Acid â Prostaglandins â Vascular Leak The Canonical Pathway Result: Leaky…
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Autacoids Unleashed: The Self-Made, Self-Destructive Hormones You Didnât Know You Needed
What Are Autacoids? Autacoids (or autocoids) are the bodyâs DIY hormonesâlocally produced, short-lived biochemical messengers that scream, âI got this!â before promptly fading into oblivion. The term comes from the Greek autos (self) and acos (relief or drug), which is ironic because theyâre basically the overachieving interns of the body: they do all the work locally, get no credit,…
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Oxytocin: The Molecular Maestro of Love and Labor
Buckle up, hormone enthusiasts! We’re about to take a wild ride into the world of oxytocin, the “love hormone” that’s been playing Cupid in our bodies since the dawn of mammalian evolution. This tiny peptide packs a punch that would make even Hercules jealous! Picture this: a molecule barely 1007 Da in size, strutting around…
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The molecular mayhem of immunogens, haptens, carriers and adjuvants
First up, the immunogen: the molecular maestro of the immune system, orchestrating a symphony of B-cells and T-cells like a conductor with a grudge. These substances donât just knock politely on the immune systemâs doorâthey kick it down with the force of a battering ram. Immunogens are a subset of antigens (because âantibody-generatingâ wasnât obvious enough)…
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The neonatal fragment crystallizable (Fc) receptor (also FcRn, IgG receptor FcRn large subunit p51, or Brambell receptor) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FCGRT gene
It is an IgG Fc receptor which is similar in structure to the MHC class I molecule and also associates with beta-2-microglobulin. In rodents, FcRn was originally identified as the receptor that transports maternal immunoglobulin G (IgG) from mother to neonatal offspring via mother’s milk, leading to its name as the neonatal Fc receptor. In humans, FcRn is present in the placenta where…
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Elevated alpha-fetoprotein
Elevated alpha-fetoprotein refers to a state where alpha-fetoprotein levels are outside of the reference range. There are two categories of AFP tests: tests performed on serum (blood plasma), and tests performed on amniotic fluid. Tests performed on serum are further categorized by the reason for performing the test: maternal serum, adult tumor marker, and pediatric tumor marker. Serum The standard…
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PelgerâHuĂ«t anomaly, congenital and acquired, also pince-nez, laminopathy and a little ebola
PelgerâHuĂ«t anomaly is a blood laminopathy associated with the lamin B receptor, wherein several types of white blood cells (neutrophils and eosinophils) have nuclei with unusual shape (being bilobed, peanut or dumbbell-shaped instead of the normal trilobed shape) and unusual structure (coarse and lumpy). It is a genetic disorder with an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. Heterozygotes are clinically normal, although their neutrophils may be mistaken for immature cells which may cause…
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Thrombin
Thrombin (fibrinogenase, thrombase, thrombofort, topical, thrombin-C, tropostasin, activated blood-coagulation factor II, blood-coagulation factor IIa, factor IIa, E thrombin, beta-thrombin, gamma-thrombin) is a serine protease, an enzyme that, in humans, is encoded by the F2 gene. During the clotting process, prothrombin (coagulation factor II) is proteolytically cleaved by the prothrombinase enzyme complex to form thrombin. Thrombin in turn acts as a serine protease that converts soluble fibrinogen into insoluble strands of fibrin, as well as catalyzing many other coagulation-related reactions. History After the description…
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Scalarin carries and stabilizes carotenoid pigments
Scalarin (PsSC) is the most abundant perivitellin of the perivitelline fluid from Pomacea scalaris eggs. This glyco-lipo-caroteno protein is an approx. 380 kDa multimer combining multiple copies of six different 24-35 kDa subunits. As part of the petivitelline fluid, PsSC is probably playing a role as a nutrient source for the developing embryo in Pomacea scalaris eggs. As its orthologous ovorubin and PmPV1, this protein carries and stabilizes carotenoid pigments. As…
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A complement receptor is a membrane-bound receptor belonging to the complement system, which is part of the innate immune system
Complement receptors bind effector protein fragments that are produced in response to antigen-antibody complexes or damage-associated molecules. Complement receptor activation contributes to the regulation of inflammation, leukocyte extravasation, and phagocytosis; it also contributes to the adaptive immune response. Different complement receptors can participate in either the classical complement pathway, the alternative complement pathway, or both. Expression and function White blood cells, particularly monocytes and macrophages, express complement receptors on their surface.…
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Rosetting
Erythrocyte rosetting or E-rosetting is a phenomenon seen through a microscope where red blood cells (erythrocytes) are arranged around a central cell to form a cluster that looks like a flower. The red blood cells surrounding the cell form the petal, while the central cell forms the stigma of the flower shape. This formation occurs due to an immunological reaction between an epitope on the central cell’s surface and…
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Complement receptor type 1Â (CR1)
Complement receptor type 1 (CR1) also known as C3b/C4b receptor or CD35 (cluster of differentiation 35) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CR1 gene. This gene is a member of the regulators of complement activation (RCA) family and is located in the ‘cluster RCA’ region of chromosome 1. The gene encodes a monomeric single-pass type I membrane glycoprotein found on erythrocytes, leukocytes, glomerular podocytes, hyalocytes, and splenic follicular dendritic…
