š§¬ What Is Beta-Glucuronidase?
Beta-glucuronidase (Ī²G) is a lysosomal enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of glucuronidesāmeaning it breaks apart compounds that have been conjugated with glucuronic acid during Phase II liver detoxification. It is the undoer of the covenantāthe enzyme that breaks the seal. Sources of Beta-Gl
š§¬ CBP in 2025: Still the Terrainās Epigenetic Scribe
CBP (CREB-binding protein) remains highly relevant in 2025 across the very diseases weāve been decoding: Alzheimerās, Huntingtonās, FASD, and multiple cancers. In fact, its role has only deepened as research continues to expose its centrality in epigenetic regulation, DNA repair, and terrain-w
š§¬ Terrain Collapse in the Osbourne Family ā Vault Mapping
So I just heard that musician Ozzy Osbourne died after health troubles. His entire family has sufferend numerous health problems over the years (like most others). Tell me how our hypotheses and theories might apply to such health problems and point to diet over genetics (husband and wife are presum
Chalone Rangers: The Tissue-Specific Mitotic Inhibitors You Never Knew You Needed
Chalones are the unsung heroes of cellular crowd control. These tissue-specific, water-soluble substances are like the bouncers of your body, standing at the gates of mitosis with their arms crossed, saying, āNot tonight, buddy.ā Theyāre the biochemical equivalent of that one friend who knows
ADAM29: The Sperm’s Secret Weapon
ADAM29 is the protein that’s bringing a whole new meaning to “family planning”! ADAM29 is like that mysterious friend who shows up at all the important life events but keeps their day job a secret. This protein is primarily expressed in the testis, making it a VIP member of the rep
ADAM17: The Drama Queen of the Cellular World
ADAM17 is the protein that’s not content with just one stage name! Also known as TACE (TNF-Ī± Converting Enzyme), this molecular diva is the ultimate multi-tasker of the cellular world. Picture ADAM17 as the gossip columnist of the cell, always ready to spread the latest news. But instead of w
HFE H63D & VO2Ā max
SMOKE EM IF YOU GOT EM TheĀ HFE H63DĀ is aĀ single-nucleotide polymorphismĀ in theĀ HFE geneĀ (c.187C>G, rs1799945), which results in the substitution of a histidine for an aspartic acid at amino acid position 63 of the HFE protein (p.His63Asp). HFE participates in the regulation of iron absorption.
Nerve Growth Factor
Nerve growth factor (NGF) is a neurotrophic factor and neuropeptide primarily involved in the regulation of growth, maintenance, proliferation, and survival of certain target neurons. It is perhaps the prototypical growth factor, in that it was one of the first to
Identification of cembratriene-4,6-diol as antitumor-promoting agent from cigarette smoke condensate
Yutaka Saito, Haruo Takizawa, Sumie Konishi, Daisuke Yoshida, Shigenobu Mizusaki, Identification of cembratriene-4,6-diol as antitumor-promoting agent from cigarette smoke condensate,Ā Carcinogenesis, Volume 6, Issue 8, August 1985, Pages 1189ā1194,Ā https://doi.org/10.1093/carcin/6.8.1189
Tobacco use is negatively associated with the risk of developing skin cancer, prostate cancer, multiple myeloma, endometrial carcinoma, or breast cancer (negatively associated with means less disease associated with)
Impact of tobacco smoking on the risk of developing 25 different cancers in the UK: a retrospective study of 422,010 patients followed for up to 30 years. Jacob L, Freyn M, Kalder M et al (2018) Impact of tobacco smoking on the risk of developing 25 different cancers in the UK: a retrospective study
Evidence of the protective effect of smokingĀ against thyroid cancer
Cigarette smoking and the risk of thyroid cancer. Kreiger N, Parkes R. Cigarette smoking and the risk of thyroid cancer. Eur J Cancer. 2000 Oct;36(15):1969-73. doi: 10.1016/s0959-8049(00)00198-2. PMID: 11000579. Thyroid cancer risk and smoking status: a meta-analysis. Cancer Causes Control Cho YA, K
Smoking is beneficial against Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s, allergic alveolitis, nausea and vomiting of pregnancy, pre-eclampsia, fibroids, carcinoma of body of uterus, ulcerative colitis, pyoderma gangrenosum, aphthous stomatitis and ulceration, pemphigus, herpes simplex and acne
Smoking can be good for you Wolf R, Orion E, Matz H, Maitra S, Rowland-Payne C. Smoking can be good for you. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2004 Apr;3(2):107-11. doi: 10.1111/j.1473-2130.2004.00069.x. PMID: 17147565.
Structure of DNA repair protein XRCC4Ā akaĀ X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 4
XRCC4 protein is aĀ TETRAMER that resembles the shape of a DUMBBELL containing two globular ends separated by a long, thin stalk. The tetramer is composed of twoĀ dimers, and each dimer is made up of two similarĀ subunits. The first subunit (L) contains amino acid residues 1 ā 203 and has a longer
Retinoblastoma protein, dysfunctional in several cancers, belongs to the pocket protein family and is a recruiter of chromatin remodeling enzymes
TheĀ retinoblastoma proteinĀ (protein name abbreviatedĀ Rb; gene name abbreviatedĀ Rb,Ā RBĀ orĀ RB1) is aĀ tumor suppressorĀ proteinĀ that is dysfunctional in several majorĀ cancers.Ā One function of pRb is to prevent excessiveĀ cell growthĀ by inhibitingĀ cell cycleĀ progression until a cell is rea
Microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1)
Microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1)Ā orĀ Prostaglandin E synthaseĀ is anĀ enzymeĀ that in humans is encoded by theĀ PTGESĀ gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a glutathione-dependent prostaglandin E synthase. The expression of this gene has been shown to be induced by proinfla
Microfold cellsĀ (orĀ M cells)
Microfold cells (or M cells) are found in the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) of the Peyer’s patches in the small intestine, and in the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) of other parts of the gastrointestinal tract. These cells are