Tag: Cancer
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🧬 What Is Beta-Glucuronidase?
Beta-glucuronidase (βG) is a lysosomal enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of glucuronides—meaning it breaks apart compounds that have been conjugated with glucuronic acid during Phase II liver detoxification. It is the undoer of the covenant—the enzyme that breaks the seal. Sources of Beta-Glucuronidase Source Type Examples Notes Human cells Colonocytes, liver cells Endogenous production for…
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🧬 CBP in 2025: Still the Terrain’s Epigenetic Scribe
CBP (CREB-binding protein) remains highly relevant in 2025 across the very diseases we’ve been decoding: Alzheimer’s, Huntington’s, FASD, and multiple cancers. In fact, its role has only deepened as research continues to expose its centrality in epigenetic regulation, DNA repair, and terrain-wide transcriptional integrity. Here’s a quick glyphic update: 🔹 Alzheimer’s Disease CBP isn’t just…
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🧬 Terrain Collapse in the Osbourne Family — Vault Mapping
So I just heard that musician Ozzy Osbourne died after health troubles. His entire family has sufferend numerous health problems over the years (like most others). Tell me how our hypotheses and theories might apply to such health problems and point to diet over genetics (husband and wife are presumably not related). The issues that…
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Chalone Rangers: The Tissue-Specific Mitotic Inhibitors You Never Knew You Needed
Chalones are the unsung heroes of cellular crowd control. These tissue-specific, water-soluble substances are like the bouncers of your body, standing at the gates of mitosis with their arms crossed, saying, “Not tonight, buddy.” They’re the biochemical equivalent of that one friend who knows when to call it a night before things get out of…
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ADAM29: The Sperm’s Secret Weapon
ADAM29 is the protein that’s bringing a whole new meaning to “family planning”! ADAM29 is like that mysterious friend who shows up at all the important life events but keeps their day job a secret. This protein is primarily expressed in the testis, making it a VIP member of the reproductive club45. Picture ADAM29 as…
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ADAM17: The Drama Queen of the Cellular World
ADAM17 is the protein that’s not content with just one stage name! Also known as TACE (TNF-α Converting Enzyme), this molecular diva is the ultimate multi-tasker of the cellular world. Picture ADAM17 as the gossip columnist of the cell, always ready to spread the latest news. But instead of whispers and rumors, it’s spreading cellular…
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HFE H63D & VO2Â max
SMOKE EM IF YOU GOT EM The HFE H63D is a single-nucleotide polymorphism in the HFE gene (c.187C>G, rs1799945), which results in the substitution of a histidine for an aspartic acid at amino acid position 63 of the HFE protein (p.His63Asp). HFE participates in the regulation of iron absorption. Homozygous H63D variant can occasionally be the cause of hemochromatosis. It is also…
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Nerve Growth Factor
Nerve growth factor (NGF) is a neurotrophic factor and neuropeptide primarily involved in the regulation of growth, maintenance, proliferation, and survival of certain target neurons. It is perhaps the prototypical growth factor, in that it was one of the first to be described. Since it was first isolated by Nobel Laureates Rita Levi-Montalcini and Stanley Cohen in 1956, numerous biological processes involving NGF have been identified,…
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Identification of cembratriene-4,6-diol as antitumor-promoting agent from cigarette smoke condensate
Yutaka Saito, Haruo Takizawa, Sumie Konishi, Daisuke Yoshida, Shigenobu Mizusaki, Identification of cembratriene-4,6-diol as antitumor-promoting agent from cigarette smoke condensate, Carcinogenesis, Volume 6, Issue 8, August 1985, Pages 1189–1194, https://doi.org/10.1093/carcin/6.8.1189
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Tobacco use is negatively associated with the risk of developing skin cancer, prostate cancer, multiple myeloma, endometrial carcinoma, or breast cancer (negatively associated with means less disease associated with)
Impact of tobacco smoking on the risk of developing 25 different cancers in the UK: a retrospective study of 422,010 patients followed for up to 30 years. Jacob L, Freyn M, Kalder M et al (2018) Impact of tobacco smoking on the risk of developing 25 different cancers in the UK: a retrospective study of…
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Evidence of the protective effect of smoking against thyroid cancer
Cigarette smoking and the risk of thyroid cancer. Kreiger N, Parkes R. Cigarette smoking and the risk of thyroid cancer. Eur J Cancer. 2000 Oct;36(15):1969-73. doi: 10.1016/s0959-8049(00)00198-2. PMID: 11000579. Thyroid cancer risk and smoking status: a meta-analysis. Cancer Causes Control Cho YA, Kim J. Thyroid cancer risk and smoking status: a meta-analysis. Cancer Causes Control.…
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Smoking is beneficial against Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s, allergic alveolitis, nausea and vomiting of pregnancy, pre-eclampsia, fibroids, carcinoma of body of uterus, ulcerative colitis, pyoderma gangrenosum, aphthous stomatitis and ulceration, pemphigus, herpes simplex and acne
Smoking can be good for you Wolf R, Orion E, Matz H, Maitra S, Rowland-Payne C. Smoking can be good for you. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2004 Apr;3(2):107-11. doi: 10.1111/j.1473-2130.2004.00069.x. PMID: 17147565.
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Structure of DNA repair protein XRCC4 aka X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 4
XRCC4 protein is a TETRAMER that resembles the shape of a DUMBBELL containing two globular ends separated by a long, thin stalk. The tetramer is composed of two dimers, and each dimer is made up of two similar subunits. The first subunit (L) contains amino acid residues 1 – 203 and has a longer stalk than the second…
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Retinoblastoma protein, dysfunctional in several cancers, belongs to the pocket protein family and is a recruiter of chromatin remodeling enzymes
The retinoblastoma protein (protein name abbreviated Rb; gene name abbreviated Rb, RB or RB1) is a tumor suppressor protein that is dysfunctional in several major cancers. One function of pRb is to prevent excessive cell growth by inhibiting cell cycle progression until a cell is ready to divide. When the cell is ready to divide, pRb is phosphorylated, inactivating it, and the cell cycle is allowed to progress. It is also a…
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Microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1)
Microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1) or Prostaglandin E synthase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PTGES gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a glutathione-dependent prostaglandin E synthase. The expression of this gene has been shown to be induced by proinflammatory cytokine interleukin 1 beta (IL1B). Its expression can also be induced by tumor suppressor protein TP53, and may be involved in…
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Microfold cells (or M cells)
Microfold cells (or M cells) are found in the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) of the Peyer’s patches in the small intestine, and in the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) of other parts of the gastrointestinal tract. These cells are known to initiate mucosal immunity responses on the apical membrane of the M cells and allow for transport of microbes and particles across the epithelial cell layer from the gut lumen to the lamina…
